Kyiv, January 12 - In 2025, Russian tactical aviation experienced notable attrition despite efforts to expand its overall fleet through new deliveries and refurbishments. Analysts estimate that between 18 and 21 tactical combat aircraft were lost throughout the year, marking a continuation of sustained operational strain in the prolonged conflict. These losses primarily involved frontline types such as Su-34 front-line bombers, Su-35 and Su-30 fighters, MiG-31 interceptors, carrier-based MiG-29K aircraft, and Su-25 attack platforms. The figure represents a decline compared to earlier years, 65 tactical aircraft in 2022, 23 in 2023, and 25 in 2024, but underscores the persistent challenges facing Russia's air arm after four consecutive years of intensive usage and combat exposure.
The attrition rate reflects a combination of factors, including air defense engagements, operational accidents, and targeted strikes on forward airfields. Some aircraft were destroyed while parked or during maintenance as a result of long-range drone operations, highlighting vulnerabilities in rear-area protection. Although official fleet numbers showed nominal growth by year's end due to incoming production, the qualitative impact of these losses remains significant. Modern tactical jets like the Su-34 and Su-35, critical for precision strikes and air superiority missions, are expensive and time-consuming to replace, with production rates struggling to fully offset wartime demands.
This level of loss in 2025 illustrates the broader pressures on Russian aerospace forces, where accelerated wear from high-tempo operations compounds the challenge of maintaining readiness. While the Russian defense industry has prioritized deliveries of upgraded variants, the gap between combat expenditure and replenishment continues to erode overall capability. The sustained drain on tactical aviation assets raises questions about long-term sustainability, particularly as the conflict demands constant frontline presence for close air support and interdiction roles.
Overall, the up-to-21 tactical aircraft lost in 2025 serve as a reminder of the high costs associated with prolonged aerial operations in contested environments. These developments highlight the evolving dynamics of modern warfare, where advanced air defenses and unmanned systems increasingly influence the survivability of high-value manned platforms. As Russia navigates these challenges, balancing immediate operational needs with fleet regeneration will remain a critical priority for its military aviation strategy.