Kuala Lumpur, July 12 - In a strategic move that underscores the escalating tensions in the South China Sea, the United States has approved Malaysia’s acquisition of up to 33 F/A-18C/D Hornet fighter jets from Kuwait, a decision that bolsters the Royal Malaysian Air Force’s (RMAF) capabilities amid growing regional assertiveness by China. This third-party transfer, confirmed by RMAF Chief General Asghar Khan Goriman Khan on June 17, 2025, at Kuantan Air Base, marks a significant step in Malaysia’s efforts to modernize its air combat fleet and reinforce its defense posture in a geopolitically sensitive region. The deal, which involves both single-seat F/A-18C and twin-seat F/A-18D variants, is expected to be finalized within the year, pending Kuwait’s receipt of its new F/A-18E/F Super Hornets and Eurofighter Typhoons. This acquisition not only strengthens Malaysia’s military capabilities but also signals a deepening defense partnership with the United States, which is navigating a complex balance of supporting allies while avoiding direct confrontation with China.
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The South China Sea, a vital global trade route rich in energy resources, has long been a flashpoint due to overlapping territorial claims by China, Malaysia, Vietnam, the Philippines, and others. China’s expansive claims, often represented by its controversial nine-dash line, have led to increased maritime and aerial activities, including confrontations with regional nations. Malaysia, which operates oil and gas exploration within its Exclusive Economic Zone, has faced challenges from Chinese coast guard and naval vessels asserting dominance in disputed waters. The acquisition of Kuwait’s F/A-18 Hornets, which are battle-proven and equipped with modern radar, avionics, and electronic warfare systems, enhances Malaysia’s ability to patrol and defend its maritime claims. These aircraft, despite being older models, have been well-maintained with low flight hours, ensuring structural integrity and operational reliability, as affirmed by Malaysian Defense Minister Datuk Seri Mohamed Khaled Nordin during a 2024 visit to Kuwait’s Ahmad Al-Jaber Air Base.
The transfer aligns with Malaysia’s Capability Development Plan 2055, a long-term strategy to modernize its air force, which currently operates eight F/A-18D Hornets and 18 Su-30MKMs, alongside plans to acquire 18 FA-50M light fighter jets starting in 2026. The addition of up to 33 Hornets will significantly boost the RMAF’s squadron strength, enabling extended missions over the South China Sea, facilitated by the aircraft’s mid-air refueling capabilities. This deal, in negotiation since 2017, faced delays due to Kuwait’s political instability and Boeing’s production challenges but gained momentum following high-level talks in 2024. The U.S. approval, required under arms transfer protocols as the original manufacturer of the Boeing-built jets, reflects Washington’s strategic intent to bolster regional allies quietly, enhancing deterrence without escalating tensions with China.
This development occurs against a backdrop of heightened U.S.-China rivalry, with Washington supporting allies like the Philippines and Japan in countering Chinese assertiveness. Malaysia’s acquisition, while not directly confrontational, strengthens its deterrence capabilities, particularly in East Malaysia, where new naval facilities in Sarawak complement air operations. By doubling or tripling its Hornet fleet, Malaysia positions itself as a more robust player in the Indo-Pacific, contributing to regional stability while navigating its delicate diplomatic balance with China, a key economic partner. The deal also underscores U.S.-Malaysia defense cooperation, reinforcing Washington’s role in facilitating military modernization in Southeast Asia amid a complex geopolitical landscape.