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| The Turkish Fifth-generation fighter jet KAAN model was exhibited at the Turkish Aerospace booth at the Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace 2025 exhibition, which was held from the 20th to the 25th of May 2025 in the Malaysian island of Langkawi. |
Kuala Lumpur, June 19 - The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) is at a critical juncture in its modernization efforts, with its Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) program seeking a next-generation fighter to replace aging platforms, such as the F/A-18D Hornet and Sukhoi Su-30MKM, which are set to retire by 2035 and 2040, respectively. Among the contenders for this pivotal role is the TAI KAAN, a fifth-generation stealth fighter developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI). Showcased prominently at the Turkish Aerospace booth during the Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition (LIMA’25), the KAAN has emerged as a compelling option for Malaysia, blending advanced technology, strategic partnerships, and potential for regional collaboration.
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The KAAN, previously known as the TF-X (Turkish Fighter-Experimental), is a twin-engine, all-weather, air-superiority fighter designed to meet the demands of modern aerial warfare. Initiated in 2010 by Turkey’s Defense Industry Executive Committee, the program aims to replace the Turkish Air Force’s F-16 fleet while positioning Turkey as a global exporter of advanced combat aircraft. The KAAN’s development reflects Turkey’s ambition to achieve technological sovereignty, particularly after its exclusion from the U.S.-led F-35 program in 2019. Its first prototype completed taxi and ground tests in March 2023, followed by a successful maiden flight on February 21, 2024, reaching 8,000 feet and 230 knots in a 13-minute test. By mid-2025, a second prototype was under assembly, with TAI targeting delivery of 20 Block 10 aircraft to the Turkish Air Force by 2028.
The KAAN’s design emphasizes stealth, with a low radar cross-section, internal weapons bays, and advanced radar-absorbing materials. It is equipped with an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar, sensor fusion, and supercruise capability, enabling supersonic flight without afterburners. The aircraft’s multirole versatility supports air-to-air combat, air-to-ground strikes, reconnaissance, and electronic warfare, aligning with RMAF’s diverse operational needs. Initially powered by General Electric F110 engines, the KAAN is set to transition to the indigenous TF35000 turbofan engine by 2030, developed by TUSAŞ Engine Industries (TEI), offering 35,000 pounds of thrust for enhanced performance and endurance. For Malaysia, the KAAN presents strategic advantages. Displayed at LIMA’25, the fighter drew attention for its interoperability with NATO systems, facilitating integration into Malaysia’s defense infrastructure.
Turkey has openly offered the KAAN to Malaysia, emphasizing technology transfer and cooperative production, which could bolster Malaysia’s aerospace industry. With a payload capacity of up to 20,000 pounds, compared to the F-35’s 12,000 pounds, and advanced avionics, the KAAN promises superior firepower and situational awareness. TAI’s commitment to delivering 20 jets by 2028, with plans for two aircraft per month by 2029, ensures a reliable supply chain. However, challenges remain. Developing a fifth-generation fighter is resource-intensive, and Turkey’s reliance on foreign engines until 2030 raises concerns about supply chain vulnerabilities. Malaysia’s budget constraints and the need for comprehensive pilot training and maintenance infrastructure could complicate acquisition. Despite these hurdles, the KAAN’s showcase at LIMA’25 underscores its potential to enhance RMAF’s air superiority, strengthen Malaysia-Turkey defense ties, and contribute to regional stability in Southeast Asia.